58. (1) A state of emergency may be declared only under Article
132 (4) (d) and only when––
(a) the State is threatened by war, invasion, general insurrection,disorder, natural disaster or other public emergency; and
(b) the declaration is necessary to meet the circumstances for which the emergency is declared.
(2) A declaration of a state of emergency, and any legislation
enacted or other action taken in consequence of the declaration, shall
be effective only—
(a) prospectively; and
(b) for not longer than fourteen days from the date of the
declaration, unless the National Assembly resolves to extend
the declaration.
(3) The National Assembly may extend a declaration of a state
of emergency—
(a) by resolution adopted—
(i) following a public debate in the National Assembly;
and
(ii) by the majorities specified in clause (4); and
(b) for not longer than two months at a time.
(4) The first extension of the declaration of a state of emergency
requires a supporting vote of at least two-thirds of all the members
of the National Assembly, and any subsequent extension requires a
supporting vote of at least three-quarters of all the members of the
National Assembly.
(5) The Supreme Court may decide on the validity of—
(a) a declaration of a state of emergency;
(b) any extension of a declaration of a state of emergency;
and
(c) any legislation enacted, or other action taken, in consequence
of a declaration of a state of emergency.
(6) Any legislation enacted in consequence of a declaration of a
state of emergency––
(a) may limit a right or fundamental freedom in the Bill of Rights only to the extent that—
(i) the limitation is strictly required by the emergency;
and
(ii) the legislation is consistent with the Republic’s obligations
under international law applicable to a state of
emergency; and
(b) shall not take effect until it is published in the Gazette.
(7) A declaration of a state of emergency, or legislation enacted or
other action taken in consequence of any declaration, may not permit or
authorise the indemnification of the State, or of any person, in respect
of any unlawful act or omission.