With the development of construction, tower crane as an important symbol of the construction of major transport machinery, it has been widely used in the construction industry. As a large-scale equipment, work according to the characteristics of the tower crane is needed to lift building materials and handling in a large space, a dangerous job. At present, building construction, equipment casualties and accidents caused by the tower crane repeated, major accident rate remains high. How to improve the intrinsic safety of tower cranes, rational use and management of the tower crane, tower crane allow play a better role, the construction industry is one of the problems to be solved.
Research and the use of tower crane safety technology aim is to minimize the rate of accidents. The general two-pronged approach. First, from design and manufacture to ensure the intrinsic safety of tower cranes; the second is the majority of the operations, management depth security technology education. But these measures did not reduce the incidence of accidents, the tower crane safety remains a serious problem. In this paper, more than a tower crane accident investigation and analysis, trying to adopt some new technologies and methods to solve this problem.
Research in the 1960s and 1970s, variety, type and tower crane production abroad is increasing. The main countries to design and manufacture tower crane virtuous, France, Britain, Italy, Spain, Denmark, Sweden, Russia and the United States and Japan. The more famous tower crane manufacturers have German company Liebherr, Wolff, France's Potain company and Japan's Ogawa companies. Development of Foreign tower crane is mainly reflected in the following aspects. (1) the ability to work increasing, including lifting capacity increase, the growth boom and work faster. (2) the applicability of growing, from single to multi-purpose use. (3) more varieties to achieve serialization. (4) rapid assembly, component standardization. Some European companies have already produced a partially assembled tower crane, as little as possible by a combination of standard parts to assemble as many types of tower crane. (5) more and more high technology content. Since the late 1980s, the tower crane technology trends are: to further improve the wide application of microelectronics technology, hydraulic technology, and the further application of safety devices.
Press the cause of the accident classification: the design of the cause of the accident caused about 10%. This part of the tower crane is not fully implemented "tower crane technical conditions", "tower crane safety regulations," the design and other relevant national standards, poor security, backward technology, resulting in inadequate tower crane congenital; manufacturing reasons caused the accident about accounting for 20%. The tower crane poor manufacturing quality, the key parts of the wrong material, poor weld quality, gave the seeds of tower crane accident; cause of the accident caused by the use of about 70%. Randomness in this regard accident big, variety, difficult to control, mainly the user does not strictly enforce the "tower crane operator using procedures" and due to rules and regulations, illegal operation, illegal assembly and disassembly, etc; illegal operation or misuse. Many tower crane accident was due to illegal operation or misuse caused; disassembly process accidents. Due to the large metal structure tower high weight, tower crane dismantling genus altitude operations, dangerous, highly technical; mismanagement, environmental factors, poor maintenance and equipment maintenance, electrical accidents are incentives.
The analysis summarized, made the following countermeasures and suggestions tower crane safety issues:
(1)improve the intrinsic safety of tower crane. On the one hand through quality design, production of good quality, safe and reliable crane to adapt to market requirements; the other hand, the original old equipment for technological transformation, to improve its safety performance. Overseas, the tower crane technical progress is obvious, remote control technology tower appearing, variable speed technology, have increased the reliability of tower crane operation safety, plus the introduction of computer and electronic technology, there have been many excellent safety devices and diagnostic systems, such as system Litronic Liebherr company uses, is an electronic display control system, the signal passes through the actual work that occurred tower crane and its safety compared to the stored value in advance, to achieve the purpose of the alarm . PLC control system developed by the company can continue to display from the weight of the tower crane, lifting torque, lifting height and magnitude of the work, and can show wind speed and fault information. France and China Wolff company uses PLCS control system, capable of monitoring the working mechanism, and automatic fault diagnosis. The early 1980s, China has introduced French technology to produce brake reliability than the original domestic tower crane tower crane better. Since the 1990s, research departments and manufacturers through joint efforts, the overall performance of the tower crane is significantly greater increase than the tower in the 1980s. In the transformation of the old equipment, many of our businesses have done very effective, such as the old tower installed new security apparatus, parts and components for some irrational transformation.
(2) to strengthen the conventional tower crane safety management. Conventional tower crane safety management is to develop and implement the following procedures and management systems: security technology procedures, equipment leasing system, repair system test points, shift system, equipment maintenance procedures established device file system. In the apparent position of the tower crane should hang clear metal nameplate, including the name of the tower crane, model, rated weight, the main technical parameters, the manufacturer, date of manufacture.
(3) strengthen personnel safety education and technical training. Improve the overall quality and safety awareness of workers and managers to meet the requirements of modern tower crane, tower crane in order to better understand the use of the tower crane. For example, Japan has learned crane Crane Safety Committee, responsible for developing safety procedures related to crane safety hold technical seminars, training courses, carry out safety competitions.
(4) Analysis of typical accidents. Specific work is typical of many accidents, some units through the analysis of these incidents, research, discussion, learning, and other means of communication process to strengthen security management. Usually when the accident occurred, the relevant units involved in the investigation, analysis, accident analysis will be held, and then processed, regardless of which party or participant is a well-accepted safety education opportunities through communications and associated press coverage and discussion , but will also increase the effect of safety propaganda.

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