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Effective duration and Convexity of bonds
Scubidu
#21 Posted : Friday, August 20, 2010 2:41:42 PM
Rank: Veteran

Joined: 9/4/2009
Posts: 700
Location: Nairobi
@emlyn. Got some stats on trading of corporate bonds trading at the NSE in 2010.

KenGen is the most vibrant off course. Traded about 4.8 billion since the start of 2010 and it's yields have dropped from 12.58% last year to 8%-9% now.
FXD (CFC Stanbic) 2009/7Yr made 2 trades at 8.5% and 11.9% for 82 million each.
Barclays FXD (MTN)2008/7Yr traded 300,000 at at 11.5% (1 trade).
FXD (Safaricom) 2009/5Yr 5 traded 200 million at 9% (1 trade).

There seems to be an issue of liquidity. I heard Nakumatt have some sort of MTN for 11%, though I can't confirm it. But it would be nice if one could get a hold of CFC's senior notes especially considering how useless the bank is. I wouldn't want to hold anything else in it.
“We are the middle children of history man, no purpose or place. We have no great war, no great depression. Our great war is a spiritual war, our great depression is our lives!" – Tyler Durden
emlyn ngwiri
#22 Posted : Friday, August 20, 2010 3:56:26 PM
Rank: Member

Joined: 8/12/2010
Posts: 129
Location: nairobi
@Scubidu,the traded yield is 8.5% and the total amount traded as of 2.8.2010 was sh 82,300,000. indeed being in the seniro tranche would guarantee returns incase of 'default' but being in the subordinated tranche means higher returns with appropriate higher risk(floating rate applies).

the economy generally has not been too broadening in that the economy seems not to grow. in this respect being in the senior tranche would be good factoring in the external 'pest' factors (incorporating the inflation aspect)
Scubidu
#23 Posted : Monday, August 23, 2010 3:05:07 PM
Rank: Veteran

Joined: 9/4/2009
Posts: 700
Location: Nairobi
@scooby. No mention of bond valuation in the BD article below:

http://www.businessdaily.../-/9iu47fz/-/index.html

They just mention one-off disposals in bond portfolios. We discussed this in an earlier post. Are they missing something? Looking at the corporate banks NIC, DTBK, CFC and even I&M shows a large bulk of bonds under tradable assets by Q1. Are these classified under unrealized gains if they're based on valuation?

@emlyn. Sorry but I assume that the senior tranche has some sort of security. But given the changes in the group, restructuring, is the senior tranche secured against the assets of the bank or the group?
“We are the middle children of history man, no purpose or place. We have no great war, no great depression. Our great war is a spiritual war, our great depression is our lives!" – Tyler Durden
Scooby
#24 Posted : Monday, August 23, 2010 4:47:52 PM
Rank: Member

Joined: 9/2/2006
Posts: 121
Hi Scubidu,

If the banks are holding the bonds are trading assets, then any gain or loss that they make will be reflected in the income statement.

When you have a moment, look at Scangroup's results. They also hold an infrastructure bond as an available for sale investment. For that, they are booking their unrealised gains/losses through their balance sheet. However, when they decide to sell the bond, the cumulative gains/losses are transferred to the income statement as they are now realised.

@emlyn, the issue of tranches does not apply to the senior and suboridnated debts for CfC. That concept applies to asset backed securities.

If my memory serves me right, the CfC bond was an unsecured senior debt. That means that should the bank decide to go under, the bond holders would have a higher probability of receiving their dues compared to other types of creditors.

Lastly, the KenGen bond is a callable bond. For the first two years, it is a straight vanilla bond i.e. you receive interest and the principal remains the same. After two years, KenGen will start to redeem the principal in sixteen equal instalments for the next eight years

Regards
Sasha
#25 Posted : Monday, August 23, 2010 5:18:45 PM
Rank: Veteran

Joined: 9/5/2007
Posts: 627
Great discussion guys. A lot of info to digest.

About a week ago, I was in an impromptu discourse with a politician who is targeting a Senate seat. The guy is a highly training Finance expert and he implied that should he win that seat, he would try and orchestrate Kenya's first municipal. I chuckled at the thought but then it dawned on me how such a municipal would benefit the county of interest. But then, would it have any takers? With the current aversion to politics, can Kenyans trust a politician with their money?

South Africa and India have a booming market for municipals. Many US states and scandinavian cities have been built using municipals. Can Kenya?
kizee
#26 Posted : Monday, August 23, 2010 5:41:59 PM
Rank: Member

Joined: 1/9/2008
Posts: 537
[quote=Sasha]Great discussion guys. A lot of info to digest.

About a week ago, I was in an impromptu discourse with a politician who is targeting a Senate seat. The guy is a highly training Finance expert and he implied that should he win that seat, he would try and orchestrate Kenya's first municipal. I chuckled at the thought but then it dawned on me how such a municipal would benefit the county of interest. But then, would it have any takers? With the current aversion to politics, can Kenyans trust a politician with their money?

South Africa and India have a booming market for municipals. Many US states and scandinavian cities have been built using municipals. Can Kenya?[/quot

btw how will these run under new dispensation? will we still hav kajoras in which case wud u buy debt from an institution run by a kajora?
kizee
#27 Posted : Monday, August 23, 2010 5:43:55 PM
Rank: Member

Joined: 1/9/2008
Posts: 537
kwanza how much infrustructure growth has been funded by the various IFBS issued by CBK? apart from 1bn on thika road(IFB1) anyone know?
Scooby
#28 Posted : Monday, August 23, 2010 6:36:42 PM
Rank: Member

Joined: 9/2/2006
Posts: 121
@ Kizee and Sasha,

Under the new constitutional dispensation, the counties must seek the approval of central government in order for them to issue such bonds. That will be a great idea...especially in light of what's going on in China at the moment.

The Chinese government has banned the local authorities/counties from borrowing funds in the market or from banks. They are now realising that the projects, for which the funds are sourced for, are unable to generate enough revenue to repay the interest/principal.

The prospectus for each of the past three (plus the current) infrastructure bonds provide details of where they are funding. So far, the focus is on electricity generation/transmission, construction of roads, water and sewerage treatment facilities.

The Government had to step in to guarantee all the infrastructure bonds. I doubt if the revenue from these projects could be sufficient for interest/principal payments.

Regards
Scubidu
#29 Posted : Monday, August 23, 2010 7:45:29 PM
Rank: Veteran

Joined: 9/4/2009
Posts: 700
Location: Nairobi
@emlyn. That concept of the tranches for bonds is interesting because credit rating agencies in international markets had a hard time assigning a credit rating on them b4 the financial crisis, non? Did CFC ever get a credit rating cos that's would have helped? But if it's unsecured paper, one would be buying on the strength of the group but now that they're no longer married, it's a whole new dynamic, non? Is it less riskier now than b4? (you don't have to answer all the questions, I'm just thinking out loud).

Ta. very much scoobs. So if they could use the Chinese model it would be great for the deepening of the market (our greedy stockbrokers-a lot of captive business). Incidentally research shows that intermediaries are a cheaper option to bank syndications. But like kizee mentioned a municipal bond would be backed by the municipality (not GOK gauranteed right). So we're trusting kanjo to pay us back?

By the way is there an implicit agreement between Kenya and Chinese on what happens when they finish a road. These guys are not going home! Here illegally like them Ethiopian dudes (only they have money). I hear they're buying up land in places like Karen (and have malizad most of the stray guwi in Nai already, whoa).

But if we look at the four IFRB and their projects. They specifically mention three sectors (1) Roads (23.3 bn so far expected 6.1 bn more), (2) Energy (15.9 bn already;expected 17.2 bn more) and (3) Water&Sewage (12 bn so far;expected 8.4 bn more). So from all four bonds they'd raise say 84.7 bn and the average interest rate (considering the tax exemptions) is about 9.75%, so we're looking at interest payments of say 8.2 bn pa. But like you said some of these projects may not result in tangible revenue (unless it's implied in higher revenue, e.g., KEnTRaco & GDA investments boosting KenGen's revenues). So quantifying gains on infrastructure seems difficult; A private sector player would be asked for a payback period?

The only road project mentioned is Thika. The only water projects were 229 water supply systems and 200 boreholes and only energy project were KenTraco & GDA activities. The rest was kind vague, with no particular timeline. I don't even think they have to stick to any promise, because funding is funding. If Safcom wants to issue a bond to part-finance dividends then it's all just funding; the govt can do the same.
“We are the middle children of history man, no purpose or place. We have no great war, no great depression. Our great war is a spiritual war, our great depression is our lives!" – Tyler Durden
Sasha
#30 Posted : Tuesday, August 24, 2010 9:12:36 AM
Rank: Veteran

Joined: 9/5/2007
Posts: 627
@Kizee: The counties will be responsible for the services offered to the inhabitants of the counties e.g. water, sewerage, street lighting, road repairs etc. It will be their prerogative to improve the wellbeing of those who dwell in their counties. As Scooby says, they will have to seek approval from the central government if they wish to raise capital via bond issues.

@Scooby: Good insight! Chinas municipals were overambitious. They wanted to raise a lot of money and pay high coupons to ensure the bonds were oversubscribed. After the issue they expanded the scope of the projects without factoring in the coupons they had to pay. When the projects conked out, and they were unable to keep the payments going out, the government had to step in.

For SA and US, they issue municipals to finance activities such as mains services (electricity and street lighting, water and sewerage, heating etc). They can easily pay the coupons from the revenue generated. They don't go building new towns like China are doing. That is why it works for them.

I wonder if we can trust a kajora to take up such a bond!
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